What is gout?

Gout is a form of arthritis that occurs when there is an excess of uric acid in the body. Uric acid is a natural waste product that typically dissolves in the blood and passes through the kidneys into the urine. However, when there is an overproduction or difficulty in excreting uric acid, it can build up and form sharp, needle-like crystals in the joints and surrounding tissues. This leads to severe pain, inflammation, tenderness, and swelling in the affected areas, commonly the big toe, ankle, or knee. Gout typically occurs in recurrent attacks, often triggered by factors such as alcohol consumption, purine-rich foods, obesity, certain medications, and genetic predisposition. Prompt diagnosis and management of gout are crucial to control symptoms and prevent long-term joint damage.