What causes gout?

Gout is primarily caused by high levels of uric acid in the blood, a condition called hyperuricemia. Uric acid is a natural waste product produced during the breakdown of purines, which are found in certain foods and also created by our bodies. When there is an excess of uric acid or if the body is unable to eliminate it efficiently, it can accumulate as sharp crystals in the joints and tissues, causing inflammation, pain, and swelling characteristic of gout. Various factors may contribute to the development of hyperuricemia, including genetics, obesity, diet rich in purines, alcohol consumption, certain medications, and certain medical conditions like kidney disease. Managing these risk factors can help prevent gout attacks and reduce the severity of symptoms.