Who is eligible for Medicare?

Medicare eligibility includes individuals who are 65 years or older and U.S. citizens or permanent legal residents who have lived in the country for at least five continuous years. Younger individuals with certain disabilities such as end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) also qualify. For those turning 65, eligibility commences three months prior to their birthday month, lasting for seven months. Individuals can enroll in Medicare during the Initial Enrollment Period (IEP) which starts three months before turning 65 and ends three months after their birthday month. Late enrollment may result in lifetime late penalties on premium amounts. People with ESRD can enroll in Medicare regardless of age, while ALS patients are automatically enrolled upon receiving disability benefits. Medicaid recipients typically have dual eligibility for both programs (Medicare and Medicaid). Overall, Medicare eligibility is primarily based on age, citizenship, legal residency, and certain disabilities.