What are the regulations around shipping hazardous materials?

The regulations concerning shipping hazardous materials are primarily governed by the US Department of Transportation (DOT) and its Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA). These regulations, found in Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations (49 CFR), aim to safeguard public health and safety during transportation. Shipping hazardous materials requires compliance with strict guidelines encompassing packaging, labeling, documentation, and employee training. The regulations classify hazardous materials into nine hazard classes and specify appropriate packaging, labeling, and markings to ensure proper handling and transportation. In addition, shippers must prepare shipping papers, maintain emergency response information, and follow specific rules for bulk shipments or shipments by air, vessel, or international transport. DOT inspections enforce these regulations, and violations may result in penalties, fines, or shipment refusal. Therefore, it is essential for shippers to closely follow the regulations to ensure the safe and legal transportation of hazardous materials.