What are magnets made of?

Magnets are composed of various materials, but the most common ones are iron, nickel, and cobalt. These elements possess magnetic properties that allow them to attract and repel other objects. The production of magnets involves either natural sources or artificial processes. Natural magnets, like lodestone, are found in the Earth's magnetic field and contain iron oxide. In contrast, artificial magnets are created by exposing certain materials, such as iron or steel, to an intense magnetic field. This causes the alignment of the magnetic domains within these materials, resulting in a magnet. Additionally, magnets can be made by combining ferromagnetic materials with non-magnetic substances to enhance their magnetic properties. The specific composition and manufacturing method determine the strength and characteristics of magnets, making them versatile tools for numerous applications.