How do magnets work?

Magnets work due to their unique molecular structure. At an atomic level, they possess microscopic magnetic fields created by the alignment of electrons spinning in the same direction. These electron spins generate a magnetic force that attracts or repels other magnetic materials. This force flows from the north pole to the south pole in a magnetic field, creating a continuous loop. When two magnets come near each other, the aligned electrons interact, causing the magnets to either attract or repel one another based on the orientation of their poles. This behavior is explained by the magnetic field lines, which represent the invisible forces exerted by magnets. The strength of a magnet is determined by its material composition and the alignment of its atoms. By utilizing this natural phenomenon, magnets have applications in a wide range of industries like technology, manufacturing, and medicine.