What is the difference between red wine and white wine?

The primary difference between red wine and white wine lies in the type of grapes used and the winemaking process. Red wine is typically made from dark-skinned grapes. During the fermentation process, the grape skins remain in contact with the juice, allowing for the extraction of color, tannins, and various flavor compounds. This results in a wine that is rich, robust, and often exhibits complex flavors and aromas, including notes of black fruits, spices, and sometimes earthiness. On the other hand, white wine is primarily made from green or yellowish grapes. In the production of white wine, the grape skins are usually removed before fermentation, resulting in a lighter color and a different flavor profile. White wines tend to have more acidity and are known for their crisp, refreshing qualities. Common flavors in white wines include citrus, stone fruits, and floral notes. In addition to grape variety and fermentation techniques, the aging process also differs. Red wines are often aged in oak barrels, which can enhance their complexity, while many white wines are aged in stainless steel or neutral vessels to preserve their fresh characteristics. These distinctions contribute to the wide variety of flavors, aromas, and styles found in both red and white wines.