How does a worm farm work?

A worm farm, such as Uncle Jim's Worm Farm, operates by utilizing a concept called vermiculture. It involves creating a controlled environment for worms, typically red wigglers, to thrive and decompose organic waste materials. First, a worm bin or container is filled with bedding material such as shredded paper or leaves, providing worms with a comfortable habitat. Food scraps like fruit and vegetable peels, coffee grounds, and eggshells are then added regularly. The worms feed on this organic waste, breaking it down through digestion and releasing valuable nutrients in the process. This nutrient-rich material, known as worm castings or vermicompost, is collected over time and used as a natural fertilizer for plants and gardens. The repeated cycle of feeding worms, their digestion, and the resulting soil amendment is how a worm farm functions.