How does solar energy work?

Solar energy works by capturing the sun's light and converting it into usable electricity. It begins with the photovoltaic (PV) cells found in solar panels. These cells are made of materials like silicon, which generate an electric current when exposed to sunlight. When sunlight hits the solar panels, the PV cells absorb the photons and create direct current (DC) electricity. This DC electricity then flows into an inverter, which converts it into alternating current (AC) electricity, suitable for powering our homes and businesses. The AC electricity is then used to power appliances and devices, or it can be stored in batteries for future use. Solar energy systems often utilize a net metering system, where the excess electricity generated can be sent back to the power grid, earning credits for the owner. Overall, solar energy harnesses the sun's abundant and clean power to provide sustainable and renewable electricity.